Use of Markers : Compare and contrast VNTRs and STRs with respect to forensic science.

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Use of Markers

Scenario

There are approximately 3 billion base pairs of DNA in the human genome. Only ~1% of this genome can be characterized as ‘gene’ or ‘protein coding’, which leaves 99% mainly unaccountable. Previously termed ‘Junk DNA’ (non-coding DNA is a slightly friendlier term), this 99% is becoming more and more important as research continues, and we now know that this non-coding DNA is composed of regulatory sequences, introns, pseudogenes, and repeat sequences. It is in these repeat sequences where we can find the variability between individuals that can lead to a positive identification. But where in this 99% to look? This is where DNA markers can be utilised.

The following questions will test your research skills and your understanding of the use of different DNA markers. You should use in-text referencing where appropriate.

 

  1. Compare and contrast VNTRs and STRs with respect to forensic science.

 

  1. Using your research skills, produce a table showing the loci that are currently amplified using DNA-17. You should also include the chromosomal location and sequence of the loci. The correct format should be used.