What is “History”? And is it best understood as the outcome of the actions of “great men,” the outcome of “social movements,” or both? Why?

Western civilization

How to understand the history of western civilization. Every society that we have studied had remarkable individuals who were highly successful in achieving their goals. Some of them even had the title of “the Great” added to their names, men such as Ramesses, Cyrus, and Alexander. However, we have also seen instances of the collective power of people in groups.

What is “History”? And is it best understood as the outcome of the actions of “great men,” the outcome of “social movements,” or both? Why?