Historical event : What caused the bishop of Rome, as opposed to the ones in Constantinople, Antioch, Alexandria, or other key cities, to gain such influence? What events might have ended differently if the seat of ecclesiastical power had been in the East?

Historical event

What caused the bishop of Rome, as opposed to the ones in Constantinople, Antioch, Alexandria, or other key cities, to gain such influence?

What events might have ended differently if the seat of ecclesiastical power had been in the East?

Explaining how each respective historical event shaped and shifted.