What is “the scientific study of human activity in society or more specifically the study of the social forces that influence or pressure people to behave, respond, or think in certain ways”?Sociology
What is “the ever-increasing flow of goods, services, money, people, technology, information, and other cultural items across national borders”? globalization
What is “the process by which a locality embraces, adapts to, or resists a product, an idea, a way of behaving that has come to them in the cross-national flow”?
What is known as “a quality of mind that allows people to see how remote and impersonal social forces shape their life story or biography”? sociological imagination
What is known as “personal needs, problems, or difficulties brought on by individual shortcomings related to motivation, attitude, ability, character, or judgment”? troubles
What is “a matter that can be explained only by factors outside an individual’s control and immediate environment”? issues
Sociology emerged as a reaction to what? Industrial revolution
Who are the founding fathers of sociology? Give at least two names. Marx, Weber, Comte, Dubois,
What theory defines society as a system of interrelated, interdependent parts? Each part is interdependent and functions to maintain a larger system. Functionalism
What are intended or anticipated effects that a part has on the existing social order? Manifest functions.
What are unintended or unanticipated effects that a part has on the existing order? Latent functions
What is the theory that asks the question who benefits from a particular social arrangement, and at whose expense? Conflict theory
This theory focuses on social interaction and related concepts of self-awareness/reflexive thinking, symbols, and negotiated order. Symbolic inter-actionism.
What method do sociologists adhere to? Scientific method
Why do researchers gather data? To test their hypothesis
What is a group to which a person belongs to, identifies, admires, and/or feels loyalty? In-group
What is the process by which people develop a sense of self and learn the ways of the society in which they live? socialization
What are agents of socialization? Name at least two. Significant others, primary groups, in groups and out-groups, and institutions
What are everyday encounters in which people communicate, interpret, and respond to each other’s words and actions? Social interaction
What are social statuses that are the result of chance in that people exert no effort to obtain them? A person’s birth order, race, biological sex, and age are examples. Ascribed status
What are social statuses acquired through some combination of personal choice, effort, andability. A person’s marital status, occupation, and educational attainment are examples.Achieved status
What is the model in which social interaction can be viewed as if it were a theater, people as if they were actors, and roles as if they were performances before an audience? Drama turgical model
What is an organizational structure put in place to achieve some valued goal by using the mostefficient means to coordinate human activity? Bureaucracy
What is the process in which thought and action rooted in custom, emotion, or respect for mysterious forces is replaced by instrumental-rational thought and action? Rationalization
What is “the process by which the principles of the fast food restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society as well as the rest of the world” (Ritzer 1993. p. 1)?